我的Gentoo系统备份与还原方案
系统备份
这是我个人的习惯作法,未必适合其他人,写下来仅是供大家做个参考。
首先,我有个分区装了个后备系统。这样每当其他系统出了问题,我不至于没机子用。这个后备系统我平时很少用,更不会去瞎调;但我机子的 Grub是从这儿装的,备份或抢修其它分区也是在这儿做的。我这个后备系统用的是 Fedora 7,主要是因为使用 Fedora 7 的 live cd 安装系统比较容易,且占用空间小。
首先become root,准备备份装在 sda7 上的 gentoo 内核,以及 sda8 上的 gentoo 系统:
# mount /dev/sda7 /mnt/gentoo-boot
# mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/gentoo-sys
# mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/gentoo-sys
备份位于 sda7 上的 gentoo boot 分区:
# cd /mnt/gentoo-boot
# tar -czpivf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-boot-sda7-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz *
# tar -czpivf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-boot-sda7-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz *
备份位于 sda8 上的 gentoo 系统,将整个分区备份到 /opt/gentoo-bak 目录,但不包括/mnt/linux/usr/portage/distfiles下的东西:
# cd /mnt/gentoo-sys
# tar -cz --exclude=usr/portage/distfiles -pivf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-sda8-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz *
# tar -cz --exclude=usr/portage/distfiles -pivf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-sda8-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz *
系统还原
还原之前,最好将 sda7 与 sda8 格式化一下,如:
# mke2fs -j /dev/sda7
# mke2fs -j /dev/sda8
# mke2fs -j /dev/sda8
所谓还原,其实就是将备份包解开分别放置在原分区下:
# mount /dev/sda7 /mnt/gentoo-boot
# cd /mnt/gentoo_boot
# tar -zxvf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-boot-sda7-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz
# mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/gentoo_sys
# cd /mnt/gentoo_sys
# tar xzvf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-sda8-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz
# cd /mnt/gentoo_boot
# tar -zxvf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-boot-sda7-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz
# mount /dev/sda8 /mnt/gentoo_sys
# cd /mnt/gentoo_sys
# tar xzvf /opt/gentoo-bak/gentoo-sda8-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz
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